HVAC System Upgrades: Permit Requirements and Process

Upgrading your HVAC system improves comfort and efficiency, but requires proper permits to ensure safety and code compliance. Understanding California's requirements helps navigate the process smoothly.

When HVAC Permits Are Required

Always Need Permits

• Installing new HVAC systems
• Replacing furnaces or air conditioners
• Adding or modifying ductwork
• Installing mini-split systems
• Converting fuel types (gas to electric)

Usually Don't Need Permits

• Replacing filters
• Routine maintenance
• Thermostat replacement (same type)
• Minor repairs

Title 24 Energy Requirements

Equipment Efficiency Standards

• Central AC: Minimum 15 SEER in most zones
• Heat pumps: 15 SEER, 8.2 HSPF
• Gas furnaces: 80% AFUE minimum
• Package units: 14 SEER minimum

Duct Requirements

• R-6 insulation minimum (R-8 in some zones)
• Sealed with mastic or approved tape
• Duct leakage testing required
• Maximum 6% leakage for new ducts

HERS Testing

Required verifications:

• Refrigerant charge verification
• Airflow measurement
• Fan efficacy testing
• Duct leakage testing

Mechanical Code Requirements

Equipment Location

• Adequate clearances for service
• Platform requirements in attics
• Seismic strapping for equipment
• Condensate drainage
• Combustion air for gas units

Ventilation Requirements

• Whole-house mechanical ventilation
• Bathroom exhaust fans
• Kitchen range hoods
• Fresh air intake calculations

The Permit Process

Step 1: Load Calculations

• Manual J calculation required
• Determines proper equipment sizing
• Prevents over/undersizing issues
• Required for permit approval

Step 2: Equipment Selection

• Choose Title 24 compliant equipment
• Match capacity to load calculation
• Consider climate zone requirements
• Select compatible components

Step 3: Permit Application

• Submit load calculations
• Equipment specifications
• Duct design if applicable
• CF1R energy compliance forms

Step 4: Installation

• By licensed C-20 contractor
• Follow manufacturer instructions
• Complete required testing
• Schedule inspections

Common HVAC Violations

Cost Breakdown

Permit and Testing Fees

• Mechanical permit: $150-$500
• HERS testing: $300-$600
• Load calculation: $200-$500
• Energy compliance docs: $150-$300

System Costs

• Central AC replacement: $3,500-$7,500
• Furnace replacement: $2,500-$6,000
• Heat pump system: $4,500-$8,000
• Ductwork replacement: $35-$55/linear foot

Energy Efficiency Incentives

Available Rebates

• Utility rebates: $50-$3,000
• Federal tax credits: Up to $2,000
• State programs: Varies
• Manufacturer rebates: $100-$1,000

Qualifying Requirements

• Energy Star certification
• Proper permits and testing
• Licensed contractor installation
• Program enrollment before installation

Maintenance After Upgrade

• Change filters monthly
• Annual professional service
• Keep outdoor unit clear
• Monitor energy usage
• Address issues promptly

Tips for Success

• Get multiple bids from licensed contractors
• Verify contractor pulls all permits
• Don't skip HERS testing - it's required
• Consider whole-home efficiency upgrades
• Keep all documentation for warranties

"Upgrading to a high-efficiency system with proper permits cut our energy bills in half. The HERS testing found duct leaks we didn't know about, saving even more money."

- Michael T., Fresno Homeowner

A properly permitted HVAC upgrade ensures safe, efficient operation while maximizing available rebates and incentives. The investment in compliance pays dividends through energy savings and home comfort.