Roof work ranges from simple repairs to complete replacements, each with different permit requirements and code compliance considerations. Understanding these distinctions helps homeowners make informed decisions and avoid violations.

Repair vs Replacement Definitions

Roof Repairs

Generally don't require permits when:

Replacing less than 25% of roof covering
Fixing isolated leaks
Replacing individual shingles or tiles
Resealing flashing
Minor patching work

Roof Replacement

Permits required when:

Replacing more than 25% of roofing
Changing roofing materials
Modifying roof structure
Adding or replacing decking
Installing new roof over existing (where allowed)

Current Code Requirements

California Building Code Standards

Fire Rating: Class A required in high fire zones
Wind Resistance: Varies by location and exposure
Cool Roof: Reflectance requirements in many areas
Underlayment: Ice/water shield in specific locations
Ventilation: 1 sq ft per 150 sq ft attic space

Seismic Requirements

In earthquake-prone areas:

Blocking/bracing requirements
Enhanced fastening schedules
Structural tie requirements
Diaphragm strengthening

Common Roofing Violations

🏠 Multiple Roof Layers

Installing new roofing over two existing layers. Maximum two layers allowed, and some jurisdictions require complete removal.

🔥 Improper Fire Rating

Using non-compliant materials in wildfire zones. Class A materials required in designated areas.

💨 Inadequate Ventilation

Insufficient or blocked attic ventilation leading to moisture problems and reduced shingle life.

⚡ Missing Flashing

Improper or missing flashing at walls, chimneys, and penetrations causing leaks and damage.

Energy Efficiency Requirements

Cool Roof Standards

Title 24 requirements include:

Aged Solar Reflectance: 0.20 minimum for steep slope
Thermal Emittance: 0.75 or greater
Solar Reflectance Index: Varies by climate zone
Prescriptive vs Performance: Multiple compliance paths

Insulation Requirements

When replacing roof, must upgrade insulation if:

Existing insulation is damaged
R-value below current minimums
Attic is accessible
Cost-effective to upgrade

Material-Specific Requirements

Asphalt Shingles

Minimum 90 lb felt underlayment
6 nails per shingle in high wind areas
Starter strip at all eaves
Ridge vents for proper ventilation

Tile Roofs

Minimum 2:12 slope for most tiles
Reinforced underlayment required
Fasteners must penetrate decking
Bird stops at eaves

Metal Roofing

Proper thermal movement allowance
Correct fastener types and spacing
Underlayment suited to metal
Proper grounding for lightning

When to Replace vs Repair

Replace When:

Roof is near end of life (20+ years for shingles)
Multiple leaks or widespread damage
Structural issues present
Energy efficiency upgrade desired
Selling home soon

Repair When:

Isolated damage from storms
Roof less than 10 years old
Limited budget
Planning to move soon
Damage limited to small area

Permit Process for Replacement

Assessment: Professional roof inspection
Planning: Choose materials and contractor
Application: Submit with material specs
Review: Building department approval
Installation: Follow approved plans
Inspections: Typically nailing and final
Completion: Final approval

Cost Factors

Permit fees: $150-$500
Asphalt shingle roof: $5,000-$10,000
Tile roof: $15,000-$30,000
Metal roof: $10,000-$25,000
Additional for removal: $1,000-$3,000

Whether repairing or replacing your roof, understanding code requirements ensures the work is done safely and legally. Proper permits protect your investment and provide documentation for insurance and resale purposes.